![]() The cooling rate of the cast iron depends on the type of casting pattern and the thickness of the casting. If you cool it quickly, you get white iron, if you cool it slowly, you get gray iron. The factor that influences the crystal structure of cast iron is the solidification and cooling condition of the casting. So the S content in cast iron is not more than 0.1%. ![]() It prevents graphitization, thus reducing dilution, and thereby reducing castability. Sulfur (S): is a harmful element in cast iron.In the case of casting thin parts, the P content in important parts should not exceed 0.1%, while the unimportant ones can be up to 1.2%. However, P increases fluidity, this effect is used to cast statues and fine art details. It reduces the strength and increases the brittleness of cast iron that causes cracking of the casting. Phosphorus (P): P is a harmful element in cast iron.Mn is to increase abrasion resistance, durability and to reduce the harmful effects of Sulfur. Oppositely, in grey iron, the amount of Mn does not exceed 1.3%. Therefore, white iron usually contains 2 – 2.5% Mn. Manganese (Mn): Mn in cast iron promotes the formation of white iron and prevents graphitization.Usually, the Si content in cast iron is 1.5 – 3%. Increased Si content will increase dilution, abrasion and corrosion resistance of cast iron. Silicon (Si): Silicon is the element that most affects the crystal structure of cast iron because it promotes graphitization.The formation of different types of cast iron depends on its chemical composition and cooling rate. If the carbon contained in the cast iron is in the form of cementite, it is called white iron and if the carbon is in the form of graphite, it is called grey iron. The higher the carbon percent is, the lower ductility and thermal conductivity. Carbon (C): is the element that promotes the graphite process.High ductility Tougher than gray cast iron Be twisted or bent without fracture Excellent machining capabilitiesįactors affecting the properties of cast iron Chemical composition High compressive strength Difficult to machine Good hardness Resistance to wear Good machinability Good thermal conductivity High compressive strength Low tensile strength Good resistance to galling and wear Brittle RANGE OF TYPICAL CAST IRON PROPERTIES Cast iron type RANGE OF COMPOSITIONS FOR TYPICAL CAST IRONS Type of Cast ironĬast iron is divided into different types mainly based on the content of Carbon, Silicon, and other impurities. The chemical composition of cast iron consists mainly of 95% iron, more than 2.14% to 4% carbon, 1% to 3% silicon, and other impurities such as phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), manganese (Mn).
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